In 1995 this was a simple but growing shakedown scheme using a medical license to extract money under the threat of its loss. The PHP refers doctor X to “PHP-approved facility” for an evaluation and the “PHP-approved” facility tells doctor X you will stay here until I say so or I tell the PHP you ain’t gettin your license back. Doctor X stays because he knows the PHP can do it as the PHP is not going to be questioned by the medical board.They refer to it as “contingency-management” but it essentially meets the criminal definition of extortion.

But in this Court, what Diff’rence does appear! For every one’s both Judge and Jury here; Nay, and what’s worse, an Executioner. William Congreve, The Double-dealer Regulatory cap…

Source: The Regulatory Capture of American Medicine by the Drug and Alcohol Testing, Assessment and Treatment Industry